Just playing with z² / z² + 2z + 2

$g(z)=\frac{z^2}{z^2+2z+2}$

on WolframAlpha. That’s Wikipedia’s example of a function with two poles (= two singularities = two infinities). Notice how “boring” line-only pictures are compared to the the 3-D ℂ→>ℝ picture of the mapping (the one with the poles=holes). That’s why mathematicians say ℂ uncovers more of “what’s really going on”.

As opposed to normal differentiability, ℂ-differentiability of a function implies:

• infinite descent into derivatives is possible (no chain of C¹ ⊂ C² ⊂ C³ ... Cω like usual)

• nice Green’s-theorem type shortcuts make many, many ways of doing something equivalent. (So you can take a complicated real-world situation and validly do easy computations to understand it, because a squibbledy path computes the same as a straight path.)

Pretty interesting to just change things around and see how the parts work.

• The roots of the denominator are 1+i and 1−i (of course the conjugate of a root is always a root since i and −i are indistinguishable)
• you can see how the denominator twists
• a fraction in ℂ space maps lines to circles, because lines and circles are turned inside out (they are just flips of each other: see also projective geometry)
• if you change the z^2/ to a z/ or a 1/ you can see that.
• then the Wikipedia picture shows the poles (infinities)

Complex ℂ→ℂ maps can be split into four parts: the input “real”⊎”imaginary”, and the output “real"⊎"imaginary”. Of course splitting them up like that hides the holistic truth of what’s going on, which comes from the perspective of a “twisted” plane where the elements z are mod z • exp(i • arg z).

ℂ→ℂ mappings mess with my head…and I like it.

36 notes

1. doctormastodon reblogged this from isomorphismes
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5. guestsinmycorn reblogged this from isomorphismes and added:
spend time thinking about. I know I’m weird, but I’m OK with it. This...your head a bit,...
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7. deifying said: Complex Variable Theory is one of the most beautiful things ever made.
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10. mikebyster said: Very cool
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